What are these five critical training needs for your Spanish-speaking employees?

1. Life-Skills Training

They might not be familiar with some simple things that in the United States we take for granted - things like not bribing a police officer, not driving under the influence of alcohol, and understanding that a hospital is not a government agency as in Latin America and you don't have to worry about the hospital checking for documentation.

Did you know that many Hispanics are afraid to call the police when in need because they fear deportation? They do not understand that local law enforcement agencies have no jurisdiction in immigration and, for the most part (with a few sad and illegal exceptions), never ask about the status of one's documentation in this country.

In Latin America, it is common to have the police officer take care of our traffic tickets for us. We sometimes give the money to the police officer and he takes it to the court for us. This is a cultural reality. It is not important here whether or not you think this is ethical; it just is. Culture just is, my friend. But - and here's the problem - what is common in Latin America isn't necessarily accepted in the United States and may land one of your employees in jail - or, at the least, result in a hefty fine.

Thus, we need life-skills training, specifically life skills in the United States. I wrote and teach a great 70-minute course called Cómo Tener Exito (How to Have Success) to address these very needs. This course teaches Hispanics (in Spanish) how to succeed in the United States, in their companies and in personal safety on the job. Many companies use this course with all new employees and also retrofit it with existing employees.

2. Safety Training

The national accident rate in the construction industry among Mexicans is four times that of their Anglo counterparts, according to an Associated Press study. Some people say the ratio is as high as 8:1, but let's take the low number just to be conservative. In other words, if you have the same number of Mexicans and the same number of Anglos, four Mexicans would get hurt for each Anglo. This is due to several factors. The top three reasons are poor communication and training by management; machismo in the Hispanic culture; and the passionate nature our people.

First off, management normally does a poor job of communicating safety to the Hispanic workforce. Many times safety talks are sporadic, and even when consistently given they are translated by a person on the job who may or may not be translating correctly - not to mention whether or not this person is a good communicator in Spanish. In other words, does the translator reach the people with his voice and manner? Of course, we are not even considering here whether the safety talk itself is culturally relevant to the Hispanic mind, as this is a subject within itself.

Even worse is when companies simply translate written safety documents into Spanish. Very few of these get read by the Hispanic workers.

Secondly, machismo is a real issue that must be understood to properly train safety to the Latino male. It is not within the scope of this article to discuss the intricacies of the roots and repercussions of machismo in our society, but suffice it to say that it does affect our view and practice of safety in the workplace, specifically among males. Many companies find it very difficult to get workers to abide by OSHA standards as simple as the wearing of hardhats on the jobsite.

Thirdly, let's face it, a lot of Hispanic workers have gone through the danger of crossing the border, not once, but several times. This is dangerous. To many of these people, it just doesn't make sense to build scaffolding just because they are higher than six feet off the ground, as OSHA requires.

3. Leadership Training

Generally speaking, we have not learned solid communication, organizational, and management skills. We know even less about the inner workings of a company founded and incorporated in the United States.

Many, perhaps most, Hispanics in supervisory positions throughout the construction industry are in these positions primarily because they are to some measure bilingual, not because of their leadership skills. Most have been promoted from the labor force, not hired to be a supervisor. These people control a large portion of the information stream between management (typically English-speaking) and the workforce (typically Spanish-speaking). Each day they must choose their loyalties between their own countrymen and their company. This is a difficult position to be in, to be sure.

Leadership training is an acute area of need as surveys conclusively show that most Latinos prefer an American supervisor simply because they typically have better organizational and management skills.

I am especially concerned about this area of need - so much so that we are partnering with a major construction products manufacturer to produce a television quality leadership training program for present and potential Hispanic managers and supervisors, as well as Latino businessmen and women. This course will be available by April of 2006, and every company with present and potential Latino leadership should avail themselves of this training.

4. English Training

Now, I believe they should learn English but not because of the reasons you may think.

First of all, let's clarify one thing here. If you hire someone and you are the leader, you have the responsibility to communicate with the people you hire. In other words, if you hire people you know do not speak English, then the responsibility is upon you to speak their language. If you don't want to face this, then you shouldn't hire them in the first place. This is what leaders do; they communicate with their followers.

Legally, you also have this responsibility. Esto, mi amigo, es la verdad. (This, my friend, is the truth.) Many companies are challenged in court on this matter and consistently lose. You are responsible for communicating with your employees, not vice versa. In other words, before any English training is done, some serious Spanish training should be implemented among your key management and supervisory personnel.

Now, this being said, I do believe it is important for Hispanics to speak both Spanish and English. Not because they are in the United States, but because English is a critical language for business success in this country and around the globe. Many people do not need to learn English if their only goal is to come here to make some money and leave, or live within the Hispanic subculture. The people who need to learn are those who aspire to business, corporate or political success in the United States.

There are plenty of areas in this country where you need absolutely zero English to function well. Obviously, I speak both languages. If you ever hear me speak, you will hear that I speak English very well. Of course, it is important to me to be a leader, not a laborer. However, not all people aspire to leadership, and this should be both understood and respected.

Should you offer English training to everyone in your company? Absolutely not! You should train English strategically to people who will use it to benefit the organization. These would be present or future supervisors. These are the people who should be learning English or improving their present English skills.

ESL classes have not proven to be effective in result and certainly not as a retention factor in the workplace. Teach English to strategic individuals who will bring benefit to the organization. As you might guess, our organization does English training for Hispanics in this situation.

5. Job Skills

Here's the unique factor in training of your Hispanic workers: You must recognize that many of your laborers have a low level of formal education. This means that their reading and writing skills are many times weak, and sometimes almost nonexistent.

From a job skills training standpoint, this means that you must do your training by demonstration, demonstration, and demonstration. They must be able to see and touch what they are being taught. You cannot effectively train job skills to this populace through books or written material.

Make sure that you use a lot of visual demonstration when training this workforce. Videos are good but do not allow for the actual touching and doing aspect of learning. I prefer live training with a trained trainer working with the new employee.

Remember that most accidents happen within one to two weeks of a new employee's time with a company. Do not let people just "go out and learn the job" on the jobsite with a co-worker. Make sure you take the time to train people correctly.

Far too many companies just put bodies on the jobsite and then lament the consequences. This is a foolish business practice. Every company should have an experienced trainer who knows how to train new employees in their job responsibilities before they are sent out on the jobsite to work alongside fellow workers.

This is not only wise, it is humane. I pray for the day when all companies will recognize that to put an untrained and unconfident worker on a roof, or in an attic, or on scaffolding, or in a scissors lift, or whatever the case may be without proper training is not only asking for a serious lost-time accident (and perhaps death), it is an unjust and inhumane work practice.

Conclusion

As we benefit from this workforce, let us all remember that the goal of our leadership should be to elevate, benefit and protect those we serve. We are servants of our people, and I ask all of us who are leaders to seriously consider proper training practices among our wonderful Hispanic people.